A wilms tumor is a rare type of kidney cancer that primarily affects children under the age of 5. It is also known as nephroblastoma.
Causes
The exact cause of Wilms tumor is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to genetic mutations that occur during fetal development. Some children may have an increased risk due to certain genetic syndromes, such as Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome.
Symptoms
The most common symptoms of Wilms tumor include:
A lump or mass in the abdomen
Pain in the abdomen
Swelling in the abdomen
Blood in the urine
High blood pressure
Fever
Diagnosis
Wilms tumor is typically diagnosed through a physical exam, imaging tests (such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI), and a biopsy.
Treatment
Treatment for Wilms tumor typically involves surgery to remove the affected kidney (nephrectomy). Depending on the stage of the cancer, additional treatments may include:
Chemotherapy, Radiation therapy, and Targeted therapy.
Additional Information
Wilms tumor is more common in girls than boys.
It can occur in adults, but it is very rare.
There is no known way to prevent Wilms tumor.
Sources
American Cancer Society: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/wilms-tumor.html
National Cancer Institute: https://www.cancer.gov/types/kidney/patient/wilms-treatment-pdq
Children's Hospital Colorado: https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/conditions/wilms-tumor